The French Mediterranean case study examines how biodiversity goals in freshwater and marine policies are integrated into fisheries and offshore wind implementation. A preliminary assessment highlights the balance between France’s biodiversity objectives and its ambitious offshore wind energy expansion.
The country’s marine spatial strategy is being reconfigured to align with EU carbon neutrality goals, yet energy and marine policies remain siloed, limiting coherence between offshore wind development and environmental management.
Strengthening environmental impact studies with robust scientific knowledge is crucial, as current assessments fail to fully incorporate marine management objectives. Efforts to improve coherence include developing a unified planning document integrating the MSFD, MSPD, and offshore wind strategic assessment, as well as introducing a wind turbine operation tax to fund marine environmental research.
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